SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
According to the latest Population and Housing Census conducted in October 2011 (temporary results), stable population stood at some 19 million people (19.043.000), of which 18,38 million took part in person while 659 thousand where declared temporarily absent. Another 910 thousand people were reported absent over a long period of time (over 12 months), while 300 thousand people were temporarily present. The general census of 2002 revealed a total population of 21,68 people. Since then population numbers have gone down on a regular basis due to a severe drop in the country’s birth rate and to a negative balance of external migration.
Of Romania’s overall stable population, 52.8% are domiciled in large cities and towns and 47.2% in the rural area.
16,87 million people of the country’s stable population (or 88,6%) have declared themselves Romanian-only. Ethnic Hungarians reportedly totalled 1.24 people (6,5%), while the number of ethnic Roma totalled 619 people (3,2%). Other ethnic minority groups included: Ukrainians (51,7 thousand people), Germans (36,9 thousand), Turks (28,2 thousand), Lipovan-Russians (23,9 thousand) and Tartars (20,5 thousand people).
The largest communities of Romanians or Romanian-born people abroad were reported in the Republic of Moldova, the United States, Canada, Ukraine, Serbia, Germany, Israel and Australia. Adding to these are the large numbers of Romanians seeking jobs abroad, in such countries as Italy and Spain.
Population numbers by gender, according to the National Institute for Statistics (last update January 1st, 2011): 51.3% female, 48.7% male. The life expectancy rate for men was 70.1 years and 77.5 years for women. The median population age was 39.8 years according to estimates dated January 1st, 2011.
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